The Benefits of Infiltration Wells

Infiltration wells, the wells on the surface of the ground made for rainwater to seep into the ground. General functioning of infiltration wells is in contrast with drinking water wells. Wells is a hole to put the water into the ground, while the drinking water wells to raise the water to the surface. In addition construction is also different, for the well depth impregnation hole made above the surface of the ground water, while drinking water wells are made to a depth below the surface of the ground water.

The purpose of the manufacture of infiltration wells are:

• Preserving and improving the quality and quantity of groundwater.

• To help cope with water shortages.

• Cultivating environmental awareness.

• Conserve and save water resources long term.

While the usefulness or benefits of infiltration wells are classified as follows:

• Controlling the flood: a function for the manufacture of infiltration wells is to reduce flooding. Infiltration wells could reduce the flow of surface water, so avoid the puddle of excess surface water flow which can cause flooding.

• Conservation of soil water: here a lot more rain is expected to be absorbed into the ground water reserves in the soil. Water stored in the soil will be utilized through wells or springs.

• Reduce the rate of erosion: With a decrease in the rate of erosion of the surface flow will decrease. When the runoff declines, soil-eroded soil and drift will be reduced. Impact, a small rain water runoff and erosion be small. Thus the infiltration wells which can reduce the amount of runoff means to suppress the rate of erosion.

• Increase the back surface of the ground water (shallow ground water in particular) to its original state.

• Increase backup / potential ground water.

• Reduce the spread of infiltration / intrusion of sea water.

• Reduce the flow of floodwaters and the surface (run off)

• Prevent the decline in ground water surface (land subsidence)

The working principle of the well and the absorption is by channeling rainwater into holes or wells in order to have a residence time of water in the soil surface longer so the water can slowly seep into the ground.

The main objective of the well is to enlarge the entry of water infiltration into the soil as water infiltration (infiltration). Thus, more water will go into the ground and the little stream that flows as a surface (run off). The more water that flows into the ground will mean a lot of ground water stored beneath the earth's surface. Water can be recovered through wells or springs that can be explored at any time. Amount of surface runoff will decrease due to the infiltration wells. The positive influence of flood hazard can be avoided due to excessive accumulation of surface water in a place can be avoided. The reduced surface runoff will also reduce soil erosion rates.

Factors to Consider in Making the Well of infiltration:

• Factors Climate: The climate is a factor to consider in planning the infiltration wells. Factor that needs attention is the amount of rainfall. The greater rainfall in the region means that the greater the infiltration wells are required.

• The condition of ground water: The water level conditions in the soil, infiltration wells need to be made on a large scale because of the soil really needs the water supplies through infiltration wells. In contrast in the face of the land shallow water, infiltration wells is less effective and will not function properly. Especially in the area of ​​swamp and tidal, less effective infiltration wells. It is precisely the area requiring drainage.

• Ground conditions: The state of the soil affects the size of the ground penetrating power of the rain. Thus the construction of infiltration wells should take into account the physical properties of soil. Physical properties that directly affect the amount of infiltration is soil texture and pore.

• Administration of land use: land for administration will affect the percentage of water that seeped into the soil by surface runoff. On land that many closed-concrete building, rain water flowing in the ground will be greater compared with the water that seeped into the ground. Thus, in the densely populated land, infiltration wells have to be more numerous and larger in volume.

• socio-economic conditions of society: Planning infiltration wells should pay attention to the social condition of the economy. For example, in a good economy, the cost of infiltration wells can be charged to the community and its construction can be made from a material that is really strong.

• Availability of materials: construction planning wells availability of materials at the site. For example, for urban areas, wells can be made of concrete, Fiberglas tanks, or concrete molds (hong). For rural areas, wells are suitable to be developed from bamboo or wood that resists rotting or other materials are cheap and easy to be on site.

Preparation of infiltration wells could use a variety of materials adapted to environmental conditions, and also the availability of raw materials. Basic materials that can be used for the manufacture of infiltration wells as follows:

1. The well cover

Wells can be selected to cover a variety of materials including:

• Plate 10 cm thick reinforced concrete mixed with one part cement, two parts sand and three parts gravel (1pc: 2ps: 3kr)

• Plates are not reinforced concrete 10 cm thick with a mixture of equal proportions and are not given a load on it or,

• Ferocement (10 cm thick).

2. The walls of the upper and lower wells

Preparation of the well can take advantage of concrete Buis. Upper wall of the well can use red brick, adobe, a mixture of one part cement, four parts sand (1pc: 4ps), and the cement plastered.

3. Well charger

Fillers may well be the size of 10-20 cm crushed stone, broken bricks the size of 5-10 cm, fibers, and charcoal. Fractions were prepared hollow stone.

4. Channel rainwater

Can use a 110 mm diameter PVC pipe, 200 mm diameter concrete pipes and concrete pipes of 200 mm diameter half-circle.

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Infiltration Wells

Infiltration Wells 

 Infiltration Wells 

Infiltration Wells 

 Infiltration Wells 

Infiltration Wells